This appears to be related to your previous question here.
It sounds to me like you still have not correctly set up your site to show blog posts on your homepage. Here's why...
You said, “Page one, so titled, which I assume is the homepage, is set to receive the latest posts; it consists of the title, a short text, and a picture.”
When you follow the instructions to set a static page to function as your blog, there can be no content on that page. You said that page contains a title, short text, and a picture. That content should not appear after you've set that page to function as your blog page.
Once you've correctly chosen a page to function as your blog, it will show your blog posts — that's it. Nothing else.
However... when you open that page in the Editor, you may still see the title, text, and image. But that content will only appear when you're logged in and editing that page in the Editor. No one else will see this content.
In your tests, be sure you're logged OUT if you want to see precisely what your visitors will see when they visit your site. It helps to use your web browser's Incognito, or Private Browsing mode when testing.
I hope this helps point you in the right direction!